A Hidden Epidemic: Increased HIV Infections Among Youth
In New York City, the overall numbers of new HIV infections and AIDS related deaths among men who have sex with men (MSM) has declined since 2001. However, the New York Times reports that during the same period, new cases of HIV have been rapidly increasing among MSM under age 30. This trend points to a disturbing pattern of HIV in youth that is likely to impact New York and the United States for years to come.
According to the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, between 2001 and 2006 the number of annual new HIV diagnoses increased by 34% among Black and Hispanic MSM and increased by 32% among all MSM younger than age 30. New HIV diagnoses among MSM older than age 30 decreased by 22% during the same time period, according to the Times. Some experts have said the HIV numbers could be even higher because 25% of people living with HIV do not know they have the virus. Further, health officials have express concern about the increased number of patients who receive diagnoses of both HIV and AIDS at the same time, signaling a trend of not getting tested until the disease has progressed.
The Times report points to several factors for the increases in HIV in youth, particularly among young gay men. One of the significant factors appears to be the growing stigma about HIV that keeps people from getting tested, asking about HIV status before engaging in sexual activity and telling partners about their status because of shame or embarrassment. There also appears to be increased rates of drug use that can lead to risky sexual behavior. Because of increase in drug advertisements highlighting the successful management of HIV disease and decreased media attention on AIDS related deaths in the United States, many youth feel a sense of optimism that HIV/AIDS is easily treated. While HIV has decreased among some segments of the population, AIDS researchers say overall rates in the U.S. have not declined in the past 10 years.